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Where does intelligence actually come from — your genes, your environment, or both? This lesson digs into Section 7.6 of OpenStax Psychology 2e, tracing the origins of intelligence from twin studies and range of reaction theory to the real-world impact of poverty on brain development. Along the way, it examines controversies over standardized testing and explores how specific learning disabilities differ from global intellectual ability. In this video: • The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart and what identical twins' IQ correlations reveal about genetic baselines • Range of reaction theory: how a fixed genetic potential is stretched or limited by environmental stimulation in childhood • How pervasive daily stress from poverty floods the prefrontal cortex with cortisol and causes measurable dips in IQ scores • Arthur Jensen's 1969 claims about genetic hierarchies of intelligence and why environmental context undermines them • The 1979 court case Larry P. v. Riles, in which California's IQ tests were ruled culturally biased against Black children • How learning disabilities are specific neurological impairments — not low intelligence — and frequently appear in children with average to above-average IQ • The three key learning disabilities: dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, and how each disrupts a specific neural pathway #OpenStax #Psychology #IntelligenceResearch #LearningDisabilities #NatureVsNurture OpenStax Content adapted from "OpenStax Psychology 2e", by OpenStax licensed under CC BY 4.0. Content based on Web Version: Apr 23, 2026. Read the textbook online https://openstax.org/details/books/psychology-2e Music first girl talking to me. by ikkun (ex. Barradeen) | https://soundcloud.com/ikkunwastaken Royalty Free Music by https://www.free-stock-music.com Creative Commons / Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US
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